The global

BCG Vaccine Market

is valued at

USD 5.5 Billion in 2023

and is projected to reach a value of

USD 12.2 Billion by 2032

at a CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) of

7.55%

between 2024 and 2032.

Key Highlights of BCG Vaccine Market

• In 2023, the Asia Pacific region dominated the market, representing over 60.5% of the overall revenue share
• North America will likely exhibit the fastest growth rate during the forecast time
• The Pediatrics (0-18 Years) segment took the lead in the market in 2023, holding a significant revenue share of 75.2%
• The Retail Pharmacy segment significantly contributed to the market’s expansion, constituting over 50.3% of the overall revenue share in 2023
• According to ACVIP, India accounted for 26% of TB cases worldwide. TB of the brain, i.e., the most dangerous form of childhood TB, has the maximum rate in children <5 years of age
• In July 2023, UNICEF issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) for the supply of BCG Vaccine from 2024 to 2028
• BCG Vaccine is a quite affordable vaccine with a current 2023 estimated Weighted Average Price (WAP) of USD 0.14 per dose

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BCG Vaccine Market: Regional Overview

The Asia Pacific BCG Vaccine market exhibited significant dominance in 2023, with 60.5% of revenue share.

The surge in tuberculosis (TB) cases and the concurrent expansion of immunization programs are significant factors propelling the regional market growth. Major industry players actively developing and providing new BCG Vaccine further propelled the market’s dominance. Moreover, the region benefited from advanced medical facilities manned by qualified healthcare professionals and increased government funding for the healthcare sector. Emerging economies such as India and China witnessed market growth driven by increased vulnerability to tuberculosis resulting from factors like homelessness and poverty. Furthermore, a notable rise in the application of BCG Vaccine among children played a role in the market’s expansion.

Top Performing Country Highlights: Asia Pacific BCG Vaccine Market

• Over half of the global BCG supply is produced by Indian manufacturers and released by the Indian NRA, resulting in a high dependency on the Indian NRA.
• Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, WHO and UNICEF stated declines in India in childhood immunization between 2019 and 2020, observing drops in BCG Vaccine coverage (from 92% to 85%), DTP-1 coverage (from 94% to 87%, the benchmark for zero-dose) and third-dose polio coverage (from 90% to 85%, however, no major decline was seen for the first dose).
• In 2021, the coverage of the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine, largely used against tuberculosis, has remained at 84% in India, 99% in China, and 95% in Japan.
• In some areas of Southeast Asia, it is projected that the interaction between tuberculosis (TB) and HIV will be a factor contributing to 20-25% of TB cases in the upcoming years.

The global

BCG Vaccine market

can be categorized as Age Group, Distribution Channel, and Region.

BCG Vaccine Market: Age Group Overview

In 2023, there was significant growth in the Pediatrics (0-18 Years) segment, representing 75.2% of the revenue in the BCG Vaccine market. Based on the Age Group, the BCG Vaccine market is divided into Pediatrics (0-18 Years) and Adults (19-35 Years). The Pediatrics segment plays a pivotal role in the Global BCG Vaccine Market, dominating due to the widespread administration of BCG vaccination to infants and young children. The vaccine offers reliable protection, up to 80 percent efficacy, against severe forms of childhood tuberculosis, including TB meningitis. Given that children face a higher risk of developing tuberculosis compared to adults, the emphasis on pediatric vaccination is evident. According to the ‘India TB Report 2022’ by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India, childhood tuberculosis constitutes a significant challenge, contributing to ~31 percent of the global burden. This underscores the critical role of BCG vaccination in the Pediatrics segment, reflecting its essential position in addressing and mitigating the prevalence of childhood tuberculosis globally.

BCG Vaccine Market: Distribution Channel Overview

In 2023, substantial expansion was observed in the global BCG Vaccine market within the Retail Pharmacy category, commanding a revenue share of 50.3%. The Distribution Channel segment is segmented into Hospital Pharmacy, Online Pharmacy, and Retail Pharmacy. The retail pharmacy segment within the global BCG Vaccine market has experienced notable growth in recent years. This surge is attributed to numerous factors, including increased awareness of tuberculosis prevention, rising demand for immunization services, and expanding healthcare access in various regions. Retail pharmacies serve as accessible points for individuals seeking vaccinations, and their role in dispensing BCG Vaccine has become pivotal. Moreover, the ongoing efforts by governments and health organizations to enhance vaccination coverage have further stimulated the demand for BCG Vaccine in retail settings. The convenience of obtaining these vaccines from retail pharmacies has contributed to a broader reach and increased adoption, reflecting a positive trend in the overall expansion of the global BCG Vaccine market within the retail pharmacy segment.

Key Trends

1. Ongoing advancements in vaccine technology, particularly in tuberculosis prevention, drive key trends in the BCG Vaccine market. Continuous R&D efforts aim to enhance BCG Vaccine' efficacy, safety, and delivery mechanisms. Innovations in formulation and manufacturing processes contribute to the evolution of the vaccine, ensuring its relevance in addressing emerging challenges associated with tuberculosis.
2. The BCG Vaccine market is witnessing a surge in demand driven by increasing global awareness and initiatives focused on immunization. International health organizations, governments, and non-profits actively promote vaccination programs, mainly in regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. This highlights the importance of preventive measures and makes a conducive environment for the growth of the BCG Vaccine market.
3. Evolving strategies in the administration of BCG Vaccine are notable trends in the market. While the vaccine has traditionally been administered to neonates and infants in countries with high tuberculosis prevalence, there is a growing emphasis on targeted vaccination. This includes immunizing only high-risk populations in areas with lower TB prevalence and considering adults frequently exposed to drug-resistant tuberculosis. The trend toward personalized and risk-based vaccination strategies reflects a nuanced approach to optimizing the impact of BCG Vaccine.
4. Supply chain challenges have emerged as a key trend impacting the BCG Vaccine market. Issues related to vaccine production, limited supplier options, and disruptions in the supply chain are leading to concerns about global vaccine accessibility. Market stakeholders increasingly focus on strategies to address these challenges, including diversifying suppliers, optimizing production processes, and implementing robust distribution networks to ensure a steady and reliable supply of BCG Vaccine.

Premium Insights

The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, with a remarkable 80-year legacy, stands as one of the longest-standing and widely administered vaccines globally. Embraced by over 80% of neonates and infants in countries integrated into national childhood immunization programs, BCG has proven efficacy in protecting against meningitis and disseminated tuberculosis in children. However, its limitations lie in preventing primary infection and the reactivation of latent pulmonary infection, the primary source of bacillary spread within communities. While recent advances in mycobacterial immunology and genomics have spurred research on novel experimental vaccines, the practical deployment of these urgently needed alternatives has not been anticipated for several years. In the interim, the significance of BCG remains pivotal, urging the healthcare community to optimize its utilization to address current challenges in tuberculosis prevention and control.

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Market Dynamics

The Bacillus Calmette-Gurin (BCG) vaccine, the sole preventive measure against tuberculosis (TB), is poised for significant growth driven by multiple factors. The global rise in TB prevalence is a potent driver, compelling governments and health authorities to prioritize immunization efforts. Advancements in vaccine and drug research contribute to the safety & effectiveness of the BCG Vaccine, enhancing its appeal and adoption. Moreover, the growing emphasis on accelerating immunization, particularly in regions with high TB prevalence, further fuels the demand for BCG Vaccine. The vaccine’s efficacy in preventing childhood tuberculosis meningitis adds to its market drivers, making it a crucial component in global public health initiatives.

BCG Vaccine’s high efficacy against severe tuberculosis in children positions it as a pivotal player in preventive healthcare. The increasing focus on preventing childhood tuberculosis by public health authorities, TB control programs, and health policymakers presents a significant opportunity for market expansion. With childhood tuberculosis being a preventable and curable infectious disease, the proactive approach to vaccination is expected to drive the procurement and administration of BCG Vaccine. However, the limited availability and procurement of BCG Vaccine in various developing and underdeveloped countries pose a significant restraint. Issues with vaccine production and a restricted supplier base exacerbate the problem, leading to concerns about global vaccine accessibility. The resulting inaccessibility and shortage of BCG Vaccine can raise alarming issues about a potential increase in childhood mortality globally.

Competitive Landscape

The BCG Vaccine market features a competitive landscape with crucial players striving to enhance vaccine accessibility, efficacy, and global distribution. Companies operating in the BCG Vaccine market are engaged in research and development activities to improve existing BCG Vaccine or explore new tuberculosis prevention solutions. One notable example in the competitive landscape is the Serum Institute of India. The Serum Institute of India, located in Pune, is a prominent player in the BCG Vaccine market. As one of the world’s largest vaccine manufacturers, the company is crucial in addressing global immunization needs. Serum Institute produces and supplies BCG Vaccine on a large scale, contributing significantly to tuberculosis prevention. With a focus on innovation and quality, the institute is actively involved in research endeavors to enhance the BCG Vaccine’s effectiveness and address challenges associated with its administration.

Recent Market Developments

• In January 2024, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd (SII), the world’s largest vaccine manufacturer, is joining an increasing CEPI network of vaccine producers in the Global South to support fast, agile, and equitable responses to upcoming public health disease outbreaks.